Every year, there is a special event at the NRA Whittington Center in Raton, New Mexico known as the “King of Two Miles” competition, a highly watched and respected event in the long-range and extreme long-range shooting community. There are strict rules. The team is a shooter and his spotter. Anyone with shooting experience knows that teamwork is a critical aspect of long-range shooting. The rifle must weigh under 40 pounds and one man must be able to carry the rifle, spotting scope, and any needed gear to the line. It’s prone rifle shooting with a bipod that has one attachment point to the rifle and two points on the ground. Period.

The 416 Barrett cartridge has won King of Two Miles three times. The first year, 2015, and then in 2018 and 2019, matching the 375 Cheytac wins. 416 Barrett is an excellent extreme long-range cartridge, and this year, while Josh Silby and spotter Eric Owen took “King” with an Alamo Precision rifle in 375 Cheytac, the “Prince” (second place) was Justin Wolf and spotter James Archer using the new Barrett MRADELR (MRAD Extreme Long Range) rifle chambered in 416 Barrett.

The MRADELR is an easily man-deployable sniper rifle, not a benchrest-type rifle, and placing second is a huge accomplishment for a rifle in its first year of production. It means the team and equipment delivered solid hits at two miles, a capability the U.S. (and its allies) sniper community is searching for.

The 416 Barrett cartridge was designed by Chris Barrett with assistance from his father Ronnie and the Barrett Firearms engineering team. The end goal was to achieve solid 2,500m accuracy with a 470-grain projectile. There is a misconception that this cartridge was designed to get around California’s 50 BMG rifle ban, but that’s just a bonus side effect. The real meat of cartridge is its long-range performance, and, as noted, there have been serious two-mile contests won with this cartridge.

SOCOM has been looking for the extreme long range sniper rifle system to outperform the MK22 Mod 0 in 338 Norma Magnum. To the point, they want to reach out further. Barrett’s system of the MRADELR is a perfect fit, but there are parallel caliber developments in the government view. The Barrett MRADELR, with the 416 Barrett cartridge, is clearly in the running for the new program.

We had the opportunity to test the MRADELR over the last few months. It has turned out to be very accurate, reliable, easy to work with, and since there is no system of long-range shooting accessories dictated by the company or a government contract yet, we built our own suite of tools to exact the best performance from the rifle and cartridge. This is photo essay for you, the reader, to follow our journey with the MRADELR.

MRADELR SPECS

Caliber 416 Barrett
Operation Bolt Action Repeater
Barrel Length 36 in. (914mm) (There is a shorter suppressor barrel to be offered)
Barrel Twist Rate 1:9 in. (1:229mm)
Overall Length 62 in. (1575mm)
Weight 23.0 lb. (10.4 kg) w/empty mag, no accessories
Magazine Capacity 5 rounds
Rail Length 24.63 in. (626mm)
Rail Angle 10 MOA
Colors Cerakote Black, Flat Dark Earth, Titanium Grey

The Barrett MRADELR is in review with SOCOM and other government agencies. SOCOM has its own ESSO program based on the MRADELR in 375 EnABELR, more on that later. Thus, the rifle is still a commercial pack allowing the buyer to choose optics, bipod, etc. Once it becomes accepted, Barrett will offer a new package including accessories specified by the contract.

Front, Barrett’s MK22 Mod 0 (MRAD) with AML338 suppressor and Harris bipod. Rear, Barrett’s MRADELR with the QDL suppressor and heavy-duty bipod. Both the MRADELR and the MK22 Mod 0 upper receivers feature M-LOK compatible modular features and a continuous 10 MIL top rail. In this photo, Barrett has installed the excellent NightForce ATACR 7-35mm optic. The front MK22 has the issued custom mount. On the bottom of the upper receiver, visible just in the front of the magwell, are the barrel locking screws. The MK22 (MRAD) has two, while the MRADELR uses three screws to get a longer support area.

Both the MRADELR and the MK22 Mod 0 feature Barrett’s fixed stock with oversized recoil pad, push-button height adjustment, length of pull, and height adjustable, locking polymer cheek piece. A removable bag rider makes for a very solid back pressure with the offhand, keeping the stock solid to the shoulder.

Rear of the lower receiver, looking down on the takedown pin. The pin is captured and not intended for complete removal. The pin is also blocked from removal if the bolt handle isn’t fully rotated up and is free to slide. This way, the bolt can never be locked up on a live round while the upper receiver is rotated upward.

Upper and lower separated; a clear view of how the robust lugs are integrated to support the upper and lower together. The three barrel removal screws are clearly visible at this point. Remember, these are not standard Torx head bolts; they are Torx-Plus and are IP-30 size. Loosen them for barrel removal, but do not remove.

Both the MRADELR (left) and MRAD/MK22 Mod 0 (right) feature Barrett’s adjustable single-stage trigger module which is easily removed without tools. We found both triggers to be smooth and crisp.

MRADELR firing pin, top. MK22 Mod 0 firing pin, bottom.

MRADELR bolt in bolt guide, top. MRAD/MK22 bolt in the bolt guide, bottom. Note the different bolt handles. Parts between the MRADELR and MRAD/MK22 are not compatible.

MRADELR and its bolt guide. The bolt guide removes the metal-on-metal motion/friction and smooths the whole operation, increasing the life of the bolt and receiver channel.

BARREL

The barrel is a match-grade, single point cut, hand-lapped, stainless-steel barrel and has the famous Barrett 3-port muzzle brake. As shown in the suppressor section below, the barrel is made to accept the Barrett QDL muzzle brake for suppressor use.

The MRADELR with the shorter barrel and QDL muzzle break installed. On the table is the standard 36-inch barrel. We did not get the opportunity to test it with a suppressor, as it’s not offered as a package yet.

Barrett’s QDL muzzle brake for use with the suppressor, or without.

Barrett’s AML338 suppressor, top. Barrett’s QDL suppressor, for larger calibers, bottom.

The Barrett QDL for use with the MRADELR has added a third baffle to the exterior stack.

CARTRIDGE

The cartridge: 416 Barrett (10.4x83mm) features a 452-grain MTAC projectile from Cutting Edge Bullets with a BC of 0.83 G1 (0.42 G7) that reaches 3005 FPS from a 32-inch barrel. The ammo we used is part no. 17222 (10 cartridges) lot no. 090265.
For comparison, from left to right in front of the 10-round Barrett case: 5.56x45mm Black Hills 77-gr Tipped MatchKing, Black Hills .308 Match 175-gr BTHP, Black Hills 338 Norma Magnum 300-gr OTM; 416 Barrett 452-gr. MTAC, RUAG 50 BMG HC SX Sniper.

Always read the brass: We’re pleased to note that we found no issues at all. No excess gas bleed-by and no primer creep or swell. In fact, every firing pin hit was solid and consistent. Good signs.

Barrett’s engineers specified a set of go-nogo gauges early in the development of the 416 Barrett cartridge. Barrett sells these gauges, and if you are getting into the extreme long range firing community, we highly recommend getting a set.

MAGAZINE

The MRADELR 416 Barrett 5-round magazine, right side. Long-time readers of our magazines will know that we pay a lot of attention to feeding devices. Many times, this is the most difficult part of designing a firearm; feeding it reliably. Barrett’s engineers have a long history of dealing with this challenge.

Important note: the 416 Barrett magazine has EA marking, the 375 EnABELR has the EB marking. The bolt head, barrel, and firing pin all have similar markings to denote which is the caliber. These parts are not interchangeable, they’re caliber specific.

Similar to the identification of the MRAD/MK22 Mod 0 magazines, there is a tactile group of ridges on the front of the magazine for blind identification of the magazine you’re reaching for. The 416 Barrett cartridge MRADELR magazine has six ridges on the front, the 375 EnABELR magazine has five

View of the magazine feed lips. MRADELR 416 Barrett on the left, ESSO Program magazine, 375 EnABELR on the right.

At left, the MRADELR 416 Barrett round presentation. At right, the MRADELR (ESSO Program) 375 EnABELR presentation must be higher. Thus, the more complex feed control lips. Rear view of the magazines. MRADELR in 416 Barrett magazine, ESSO Program 375 EnABELR magazine. There are feed issues with the 375 EnABELR cartridge in an MRADELR that need to be addressed with a higher presentation and more control of the rounds.

Note the presentation of the cartridge. There is support at the neck of the cartridge. This is to avoid pressure on the front of the bullet which can cause accuracy issues. Holding the cartridge at the neck area is just one more attention to detail Barrett’s engineers plan, as well as a longer cartridge area for special loaders to use different projectiles.

BOLT

The MRADELR bolt, basic disassembled, showing firing pin assembly, and bolt head assembly. The MRADELR bolt head is removed by rotating the bolt lock to the open position, as shown, and the bolt will rotate forward and out. The bolt is electroless nickel plated for reduced wear, cleaning, and inspection, as well as the added corrosion resistance.

OPTIC

We’ve used the Vortex RAZOR HD series in other tests in the past. In this case, we chose the Vortex RAZOR HD Gen II in 4.5-27×56. It’s a superb scope. We chose the EBR-7C MRAD reticle, it’s a flagship reticle for Vortex, and it was crisp and clear out past 1100 meters (and beyond, we just didn’t have targets that far out.) The MRADELR has a 10-MIL rail, and there’s technically 120 MOA built into the scope. So, going for the longer ranges made the choice for us. This is a first focal plane (FFP) scope, our preference for this type of shooting.

Notes from an end user: During this test, out in the desert, there is a significant amount of mirage. One of the reasons we wanted to try the 27x optic (and not go much higher) was some recent experiences at longer ranges where the mirage interfered with placement at high magnification. This has always been an issue with scopes, but the RAZOR HD Gen II’s clarity was excellent. Second, seeing into shadow at range. When you get to 600 to 1000 meters, any tree line or shadow area on a mountainside becomes a problem. Many scopes I’ve used give a flat image of the darkness. The lens coatings used by Vortex, along with the quality of the glass, allow me to see into the shadows, giving a more three-dimensional view. There are many scope manufacturers, a few that I like, but for this type of shooting I tend to favor the Vortex RAZOR. It’s also FFP, which I prefer, as well. It’s got a great field of view, the hashmarks are fast for me to use at higher magnifications, and make my adjustments.

BIPOD

Bipod support on such a long-range caliber requires a much wider footprint than smaller calibers. This is verging on blending bench-rest technologies with a standard military support. Barrett suggested three different bipods and we chose the ATLAS BT72 Super Cal Bipod with a 1913 Pic rail mount. It was a very good choice. The footprint spreads from 14.75 to 19.37 inches, giving an elevation range to the rifle base of 5.8 to 11 inches. Perfect. It’s constructed of 6061 T6 aluminum with a Type III mil-spec hard anodizing. There is a 45° pre-tensioned cant that we found excellent for setting in with a nice, stiff lock position. The leg positioner is heat-treated stainless steel. The springs and fasteners are also stainless. The legs do not rotate (a huge plus for stability) and lock at 0, 45, 90, 135, and 180 degrees. www.accu-shot.com

Before we go to the Range, there are some specific items that are needed to assist in ELR shooting. Range-finding, spotting, and environmental data are critical. These were our choices:

ATMOSPHERICS

Kestrel 5700 Elite Ballistics Weather Meter from Kestrel Ballistics and the Kestrel Drop D3 Wireless Environmental Data Logger are two essential range and field accessories. The Kestrel 5700 Elite has a full ballistics calculator onboard, it’s a seriously accurate scientific instrument that fits in your pocket. The windmeter is protected from damage with a rotating cap. The fact that Kestrel knows the operator will need quick spot checks and makes that fast and easy is a big plus. We did our full prep then the spot checks. The 5700 Elite & The Drop are LiNK enabled for Bluetooth coms with your phone or tablet, have an “Easy Mode” for quick adjustments, & can store 30 custom rifle and ammunition profiles. The maximum range Elite can work at is 5500 yards, so it’s perfect for our purposes.

RANGEFINDER

Getting true ranges for accurate shooting is not as simple as using the basic $200 range finder. At 4000 meters, stability and accuracy of the laser are as critical as is the reading. We chose the Vortex RAZOR HD 4000 GB laser range finder for a variety of reasons. The first is the legendary accuracy of this range finder. Vortex has decades of experience, and their top-of-the-line HD 4000 performs to the level we needed. The HD 4000 GB pairs with the Kestrel meters. Combined with the Kestrel 5700 Elite, we had the most accurate environmental and range finding capabilities possible at our level of civilian ownership. We’re going to explore this more at other times. The possibilities are staggering.

SPOTTING SCOPE

Our spotting scope is the Vortex RAZOR HD Angled 22-48×65 on a Vortex tripod. The same optical characteristics that we like in the RAZOR scopes are in the spotter. There is excellent depth of field, penetration into shadows, and an almost infinite series of adjustments to get clarity on a target. We did not get a chance to use this on 2-mile targets, but at 1100m (our range limit) the spotter was able to call shots perfectly every time. They claim a linear field of view of 117 to 68 feet at 1000 yards, we found that was quite clear and adequate at our ranges. Ours came with both MOA and milrad eyepieces, which we could change out to match which optics we were using. This is very handy for the spotter calling in shots.

ON THE RANGE

Preparing to fire at the range. We’re at the long-range rifle range at the Boulder Rifle & Pistol Club, an excellent range. There are measured targets out to 1100m with special accommodation out to one mile on a newly measured range area that was not yet open, so we were working with targets at a maximum range of 1100m.

Our sighting in at 100m was fast and, honestly, a bit useless because the optic needed to stretch its legs a bit. We switched to 200m, then 500m. Groups were consistently dialed in under 0.5 MOA. At 900m about 0.38 MOA. Dennis Powell was our long-range shooter on these targets. It’s been difficult to get the MRADELR away from him. At 1100m on the full target, you can see where he walked to get to the center and was still a bit high at two o’clock. Two rounds went into less than 3 inches, the third is lower down at about 5 inches. That’s under 0.5 MOA at 1100m. This is enough to convince us of the solid accuracy of the MRADELR sniper system and the 416 Barrett cartridge.

Bryan Litz of Applied Ballistics, the 2019 winner of the NDIA Gunnery Sergeant Carlos Hathcock Award for contributions he’s made to our military snipers and their capabilities, has a contract on what is called the Extreme Sniper Strike Operations (ESSO) program. The ESSO candidate is an MRADELR in caliber 375 EnABELR (was ELR) for ranges over 2000m (Litz designed the cartridge) and has a carbon-fiber wrapped barrel, a SureFire suppressor, and a NightForce ATACR 7-35 as part of the program. Trials are still happening. This is a picture of the proposed sniper package. SADJ has made arrangements with the involved government agencies to do a test in the near future.

In the 1970s-80s, there was a movement in the U.S. to create rifles in .50 BMG (12.7x99mm.) .55 Boys rifles were converted, the magazine and barrel were close to the dimensions, 20mm Lahtis were as well, and a few extremely dangerous designs were showing up at civilian shoots with the incumbent accidents. Gunny Carlos Hathcock had famously made three kills at 2500 yards with “Ma Deuce” in Vietnam (only one confirmed), an M2HB with a craft-made mount from the SEABEE chop shop, for his 8-power Unertl optic. This author has seen cobbled together .50 cals all over the world from the revolutionary groups in South America to communist guerillas in Africa, mostly from the 1950s-60s. But it wasn’t until 1983 when a shooter/inventor named Ronnie Barrett showed up at the Knob Creek Machine Gun Shoot in Kentucky with his M82, that the idea of a semi-automatic .50 BMG sniper rifle could be taken seriously. At the time, this author was blown away by the functionality of Ronnie’s design, and I’ve had a long history with these rifles; shooting, training, armorering, supplying, use in the field OCONUS… and on this visit to the factory, I spent a few days with Ronnie and Barrett’s engineers with the intent to bring you this technical article on the M107A1- introduced in 2011- about what makes the M107A1 what it is today, an advancement beyond the M82A1 and M107.

By 1989, Ronnie Barrett’s M82A1 rifle was making serious waves in military circles; the Swedish Army ordered 100, and various “OGAs” (other government agencies) were taking notice and buying them. In 1990, the U.S. armed forces were making special buys, the Israeli Defense Force and others were lining up. The M82A1 was a hit with operators; it did a job they needed done, better than any other small arm. It had amazing range and impressive terminal ballistics. The U.S. Army adopted the M82A1 as the M107 in 2005 (with a longer rail and other mods), and Barrett immediately started on a quest to lighten the system, improve the recoil pressures, and make the new design suppressor friendly – the M107/M82A1 cannot reliably or safely use a muzzle sound suppressor. More on that below.

NIOA ACQUIRES BARRETT FIREARMS

M107A1 : THE GREAT LEAP FORWARD

Typically, in the firearms industry, we discuss aluminum using the 4-digit system- there is also a 5-digit system which is more precise but not prevalent. 7000 series aluminums use zinc as their main alloy element. The next three digits indicate an agreed-on mix of other alloy metals. The common example in firearms manufacture, especially AR-15 type firearms, is 7075, a WWII Japanese alloy mix adopted by the U.S. and others. It has a lot of advantages, one of which is its ability to 11% stretch without cracking. The second nomenclature for this would be “T6” which is a temper. 7075 T6 aluminum would have 5-6% zinc, 2-3% magnesium, and 1-2% copper, as well as some other small metal quantities. The zinc and magnesium making the alloy heat treatable. The “T” designations are temper processes for heat treatable aluminum alloys. In this case, T6 means that the 7075 was “Solution Heat Treated” then artificially aged. Solution Heat Treating means to heat the alloy just under its melting point, and some planned lower percentage alloys dissolve into the aluminum, creating a “solid solution.” The material is quickly quenched and preserves the new metal structure. 7075 age-hardens naturally, so if welded properly, the heat-treating recovers.

Why discuss this? Because Ronnie Barrett wanted to lighten the M107/M82A1 system and the first place to start is the upper receiver – a very large component. Barrett did not choose 7075 T6; it would be the wrong temper for the job. It’s difficult to extrude into the needed shape, it suffers a lot of internal stress which can cause deformation in processing, and it would not have the structural strength to match the cold-rolled 1045 steel in the M107/M82A1 upper. 1045 is a medium carbon steel that is very strong, with a high yield point (about 45,000 PSI). A lot of machinery parts, bolts, gears, shafts, etc. are made from this. It’s a good steel, especially for a long channel like the M107 upper.

Trying to match that strength with an aluminum alloy that can be extruded in long shapes to cut to length and machine is difficult and “7075 T6 isn’t it.”

Barrett’s engineers developed a scientific testing method with weights and distances to match the yield point of 1045 steel with a reasonable thickness, extrudable aluminum alloy, and they decided on 7075 but with a T6511 temper. The T6511 temper adds stress relief by stretching along with the solution treating and artificial aging. Perfect for the job; extruded, machinable lengths that won’t distort in machining.

The new 7075 T6511 upper receiver is finished with a type-3 hard-anodizing and then an oven-cured Cerakote finish, which matches durability with the M107/M82A1 1045 steel finished with a manganese phosphate parkerizing.

Front is the M107A1 showing the optic rail is milled into the aluminum extrusion, with allowance for a bolt-in-place rear back up sight. Rear is the M107 steel optic rail bolted in place, with the rear back up sight mounted on the rail. The optic rail on both the M107 and M107A1 is angled at 27 MOA. 

This new upper receiver was just the first of the techniques used to lighten the M107 system and create the lighter, suppressor-friendly M107A1.

As part of the lightening process, the bipod yoke, yoke mount, and the internal shaft of the bipod are made from titanium for the M107A1. The foot for the bipod legs is plastic for the M107A1. The M107A1 has plastic flat feet, the M107 has steel spiked feet, and the 82A1 has steel flat feet. Note the quick release pins must be put in from the rear, as recoil forces can dislodge them if they are inserted from the front.

M82A1/M107 top, M107A1 bottom: Some of the most important changes that were made were in the recoil system. Barrett’s M82A1/M107/M107A1 operate on the short recoil principle; i.e. the bolt and barrel are locked together and travel in recoil a specified, short distance/time until pressures have dropped, then unlock from each other and recoil and return separately. The first thing to notice in this picture is that the barrel springs in the M107A1 have a larger wire diameter but have a smaller overall outside diameter. Due to the smaller outside diameter of the barrel springs, the barrel spring relief cuts in the barrel were removed to aid in making the barrel stiffer. The M82A1/M107 barrel has the two deep grooves, the M107A1 barrel does not. Second, the impact bumper – the plastic cylinder behind the barrel key – is longer on the M107A1; this shortens the stroke for the barrel recoil. The (return to-) battery bumper is the same for all.

Top in each picture, is the M82A1/M107 bolt carrier assembly, bottom is the M107A1. Note there are several more cuts/wells in the M107A1; this is for the bolt extender, which is critical for suppressor use.

SOME BALLISTIC TALK ON .50 BMG & TRANSONIC SHIFT

Shooting at long ranges requires extensive understanding of exterior ballistics – from the projectile uncorking from the barrel, to striking the terminal end, as well as all the environmental factors that are constantly changing. There is a lot of information out there to digest, and we don’t have time or space to explain it all but there are a couple of things relevant to the subject of this article to start with. First, the Barrett rifles were designed to fire military ball ammunition back in the times when that was all there was. M33 Ball with a 660-grain (42.8 gram) FMJ boat tail bullet with a mild steel core. Fired in a 45-inch barrel from an M2HB machine gun, its muzzle velocity was 2,910 fps. In today’s world, there are many options – solid, turned, very accurate bullets, of 750 grains and other weights. These are designed for accuracy at long ranges, and are fired from 20-, 29-inch or other barrels but not the 45-inch barrel of “Ma Deuce.” Thus, velocity comparisons must be apples-to-apples – barrel length, rifling twist, etc. to understand at what distance the supersonic projectiles will drop into the zone approaching the speed of sound – the transonic region – and below, the subsonic region. Larger projectiles like .50 Browning Machine Gun (BMG) rounds are less affected by environmental pressures than smaller diameter/weight projectiles; but there is still an effect on accuracy.

When people are discussing calibers in comparison and make statements like “.50 BMG destabilizes as transonic at 1320 meters,” it’s inaccurate. There might be a combination of barrel length, bullet weight, etc. that does, but the U.S. M33 from a 45-inch barrel goes transonic in the 2200-meter range according to longtime military data, however today’s ballistic calculators show it at 1500 meters and a 750-grain AMAX bullet may go transonic much further from a 29-inch barrel. There is much more to it than simple calculations. A skilled shooter knows more than just the math, he reads the wind and everything else in the theatre he’s firing through and into. Hitting targets well beyond that theoretical transonic distance is both science and art, and is done frequently – look up “The King of 2 Miles” competitions.

WEIGHT:

• Weight M107A1 unloaded: 28.7 lbs (13 kg)
• Weight M107   unloaded:  32.7 lbs (14.8 kg)

BALLISTIC PERFORMANCE WITH M33 BALL AMMUNITION:

• 20-inch (508mm) 1:15 in. (381mm) 2,550 fps (778 m/s) Transonic at 1300m
• 29-inch (737mm) 1:15 in. (381mm) 2,799 fps (853 m/s) Transonic at 1,450m
• 45-inch M2HB:  1:15 in. (381mm)  2,910 fps (890 m/s) Transonic at 1,500m

FEEDING THE BEAST

One of the hardest parts of designing a firearm, is feeding the rounds into the chamber properly. It’s pretty basic on a straight-pull single-shot rifle, but when you go semi- or fully-automatic, there are many forces that come to bear. It’s not just a case of presenting the cartridge properly to the feed ramp, it must be done fast enough so that, as the bolt goes into recoil, the spring consistently presents the next round for feeding. Spring fatigue is also an issue. This can be a lot trickier than it seems, and it does explain why many firearms inventors adopt existing magazines, such as the M16 style for 5.56mm. In Barrett’s case, he had to deal with the length and weight of 10 rounds of .50 BMG cartridges, a much different animal than the 5.56mm.

MARKINGS

SUPPRESSING THE M107A1

Barrett and other knowledgeable people continually warn against firing the M107/M82A1 with a suppressor – it just isn’t safe. But some users have done this. There are a number of references in this article regarding upgrades to M107A1, and they all add up to: The M107/M82A1 system is not designed for suppressor use, which changes recoil forces, time of locking and unlocking, pressures, velocities, etc. While these rifles are robust, and some have successfully fired them, Barrett cannot guarantee their product with suppressor use. That is what the M107A1 is for – it has been purpose engineered to withstand these forces. I’ve had several people tell me about using a suppressor on the M82A1, each unaware of the real dangers involved and one manufacturer who explained his suppressor “worked” as is, and when pressed, he had made modifications to the rifle that would void his warranty and frankly, I did not see how they addressed the issues involved. It’s best to purchase the proper rifle for suppression, the M107A1, which is properly engineered for this. There have been charging handle impacts damaging the upper receiver, and broken bolt handles. One thing to remember – the recoil forces of putting a suppressor on an M82A1/M107, can easily warp the bolt latch into failure. That is a negative event…

The arrowhead muzzle brake designs used on the M107/M82A1 work very well for mitigating the recoil force with  rearward gas energy; approximately 70% reduction in recoil. In order to make the M107A1 suppressor-friendly, the design had to change so there could be a quick mount suppressor, which is the round one in the three photos here.

We at Small Arms Defense Journal hope that this focus on the Barrett M107A1 and its technical upgrades helps you in understanding the quality of this product. We have long experience with the Barrett systems, and there are quite a few misconceptions about why the M107A1 was needed- hopefully, this helps the readers and users understand the great leap forward the M107A1 is for the .50 BMG Sniper systems.

By Dan Shea

“The secret of steel has always carried with it a mystery. You must learn its riddle, Conan. You must learn its discipline. For no one—no one in this world can you trust. Not men, not women, not beasts. But steel; this you can trust.”—Conan the Barbarian’s father as he points to a sword he’d made.

It’s probable that most English-speaking readers of SADJ have seen John Milius’ adaptation of the Robert E. Howard stories in “Conan the Barbarian.” Entrenched in our modern martial culture, many of us jokingly quote the movie’s lines, because on an elemental level, it speaks truths to fighting men. The Riddle of Steel—it calls us; we philosophize around it, perhaps jokingly, but there is always a truth hidden in the words. At the core, the various answers appear to be contradictory: First, steel is strong and flesh is weak; Second, the opposite—flesh that wields the steel is strong, and steel is nothing without that; Third and perhaps most important, that the will and determination to use the steel in righteous endeavor is the true strength.

In fact, the Riddle of Steel is solved if all three of those are blended into one truth.

In the United States military, we have a group called SOCOM (USSOCOM)—it is comprised of warriors, working for warriors, to enhance their fighting capabilities. At the risk of being trite, this brotherhood is dedicated to using steel in righteous endeavor, and they train hard to have the physical capabilities to wield the steel, and, of course, their weapons are almost always the best that can be found. Started in 1987 to create a unified command for US Army, Navy, Marine and Air Force special operations groups, a significant part of the mission is new equipment.

In the modern fighting arena, in that hardened place that is called “downrange,” increasing distances of engagement as well as armoring of targets are challenging the warriors. There have been many attempts to address this—not all failed, but few are chosen by the warrior leadership. Barrett Firearms has been chosen more than once …

One item of “steel” that has been chosen by SOCOM to be at the forefront for these warriors, is the newly adopted Mk22 Mod 0 “ASR” Advanced Sniper Rifle—the next evolution of Barrett Firearms Manufacturing’s MRAD rifle system. For SOCOM, where the physical strength and the righteous will are, the Mk22 very nicely completes the triad of the Riddle of Steel.

Barrett’s MRAD Concept

To understand the Barrett MRAD (Multi-Role Adaptive Design) rifle requires some background information. You can get the spec sheet story by searching “MRAD” online; our job at SADJ is to help the readers really understand the Mk22 system. Creating an accurate rifle that can interchange calibers is a unique challenge. Easy enough to change out a barrel and bolt, but to do so and maintain true precision accuracy, that is an entirely different matter. There have been many systems with interchangeable barrels, especially in machine guns; but those are area weapons, not point weapons. This has to be made in a man-portable manner as well, so steel is too heavy a choice for the chassis.

“The Riddle of Aluminum” doesn’t sound quite so interesting, but in fact that is where Barrett’s engineers went to create the MRAD/Mk22. There are eight “Thousand” series of aluminum alloys and some oddities; each has a commonality within its group. Pure aluminum is a very soft metal and requires additives (alloy) and treatments to gain strength. What are called the 7000 series aluminums are aluminum/zinc alloys with percentages of other metals that dictate the actual number. When searching for a material to CNC mill the MRAD monolithic receiver, the light weight of alloys and reasonable cost are a quick draw; but out of the hundreds of potential alloys, which one?

Starting after World War II, an alloy used by many in the aircraft industry is 7075 (a Japanese mix). It is an alloy of 90% Aluminum, 5.6% Zinc, 2.5% Magnesium, 1.6% Copper and 0.23% Chromium; some various tiny amounts of other metals are used as well. This lightweight, easily tempered and machined 7075 is ideal for use in firearms, and 6061 (6xxx—Silicon as main additive, not Zinc) and 7075 are alloys favored in the “AR” industry. Almost every written description of an AR will say “7075 T6 Aluminum” as if it was magical transition of knowledge to a reader. Actually, in the 5.56mm AR platforms, the real benefits of 7075 don’t fully show up. However, Barrett’s engineers are smart enough to know those other attributes solve almost every issue the MRAD faced, and in particular, the split collet nature of the barrel clamping. More on that later.

After cold rolling (adding about 4–6 times the strength) we get to the second part of the magical “7075 T6” invocation, the T6, which is the tempering. In the case of Temper 6 the 7075 is heated to 840ºF (450ºC) for approximately 2 hours, solution quenched, and an artificial “ageing” is physically done by resting at 250ºF (120ºC) for 24 hours (yes, this is a heat treatment). Of the many treatments that can be done, this method (called precipitation strengthening) ensures that the precipitates (tiny particles less than 0.001mm in diameter composed of aluminum and the added alloy metals) forming inside grains and on the grain boundaries produce excellent mechanical strength all through the material and add excellent surface-wear resistance. This is where the phenomenal elongation tolerance of 7075 T6 comes in. But that’s not the best thing…

“OK, Dan, so what is this about the split collet and Barrett engineers?” 7075 with a T6 temper has excellent tensile strength (74,000–78,000 psi) and yield strength of 63,000–69,000 psi. This is all great news for the 5.56mm, 6.5mm and 7.62mm AR builds, but it is the elongation tolerance before breaking of up to 11% that caught the Barrett engineers’ eyes. This is the exact right material tolerance (and heat tolerance) for heavier calibers like the Lapua and Norma Magnums.

The icing on that cake is that with changing calibers, using a split-collet-style clamp built into the upper receiver, the material must elongate and clamp, over and over, maintaining its original form on each return. 7075 T6 is ideal for this.

There are many parts to the MRAD as presented by Barrett, but the most critical is maintaining the accuracy in different barrels that are field changeable. The split collet is the key.

Why tighten to exactly 140 inch-pounds (in-lb)? We go back to the Riddle of Aluminum and that 11% maximum flex before breakage on 7075 T6. We don’t want to flex anywhere near that much, but seating a barrel in an accurate rifle must be done precisely in order to lessen barrel harmonics. Accuracy comes from tightly repeatable events in the physics of the rifle. Get rid of variables in barrel harmonics; tighten them up; shoot a tighter group. In discussion with Barrett, they indicated that when tightening up over 90 in-lb on these screws the group stabilized, and at 140 in-lb, the barrel was supported perfectly, the aluminum sides of the collet area were not overstressed, and the steel screws didn’t distort the threads in the aluminum. Thus, 3.5 inches of 360-degree-supported barrel clamped properly to rigidify it with the monolithic receiver results in the ability to have extreme accuracy from a field changeable rifle. This is the real heart of the rifle.

“The MRAD itself is a manually operated bolt-action rifle fed from a 10-round detachable magazine. It is designed to be a rugged, configurable, precision rifle system; the MRAD can quickly be converted to multiple calibers or barrel lengths. With M-LO[K] mounting slots at 3, 6, and 9 o’clock, its handguard offers a rigid, highly adaptable interface for attachment of rails, electro-optics and other accessories.”—Barrett manual description

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Magazines

Longtime readers know this author is a magazine fanatic. Feeding the weapons is often one of the hardest parts of weapon design, particularly in semi- or fully automatic firearms. In the case of a bolt action, it’s not as complex, but it still must be perfect, or you will experience misfeeds. The 10-round MRAD magazine is perfectly designed for presentation and in four basic flavors to properly present cartridges of different length/shoulder location. A properly treated flat spring is used to keep even presentation of the follower, ensuring the cartridge ramps into the chamber without cant.

The first MRAD (now called the Large Breech gun) was in .338 Lapua Magnum, and the magazine has no identification letter and zero ribs on it. After the MRAD was fully developed in different calibers, a system was needed for visual and tactile identification. The Mk22 comes with C- and D-type magazines:

A: .338 Lapua Magnum 6 ribs

B: .300 Win Mag/7mm Rem Mag/.300 PRC 4 ribs

C: .308/6.5 Creedmoor/.260 Rem 3 ribs

D: .338 Norma Magnum and .300 Norma Magnum 6 ribs

The obvious question to end users is whether A and D magazines are interchangeable—no, not reliably. The D magazine is specifically designed to accommodate the shorter shoulder location of the .338 Norma Magnum and .300 Norma Magnum cartridges; you could feed them in the A magazine but probably lose some reliability in feeding. Vice versa, if you had the .338 Lapua Magnum conversion kit for the Mk22, which is after all an MRAD, the A magazine would be needed.

The ASR Award 

Date: 03/11/2019
Issued From: HQ USSOCOM – Tampa, FL
Contract #: H9240319D0002
System: Barrett MRAD Rifle System
This is a 5-year Indefinite Delivery/Indefinite Quantity (IDIQ) contract for the Advanced Sniper Rifle and various components identified herein including three barrels in the calibers listed below, spare parts and Barrett AML338 suppressors. No optics are included.
The maximum quantity that shall be purchased is a total of 2,675 units.
The maximum contract value for all orders issued shall not exceed $49,936,299.50.
Calibers: .338 Norma Mag; .300 Norma Mag; 7.62x51mm

Mk22 Mod 0: The Changes from Other Programs

In the first place, the Mk22 does not need the large breech to small breech conversion unit—that was only on the early MRADs in .338 Lapua Magnum to smaller calibers when Barrett added them, and the Mk22 is purpose-designed from the current MRAD, using one homogenous breech for all calibers. The calibers in the Mk22 Mod 0 are the following and no others. There are other USG and DoD groups that add the .300 PRC or 6.5mm Creedmoor kit, but not for ASR. Could you add them? Yes, but it’s not currently authorized in the Mk22.

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The Mk22 rifle uses an M-LOK system as opposed to Barrett’s proprietary system on the MRAD. The Mk22 has the toggle bolt disassembly and a captive bolt pin.

The Mk22 Mod 0 is in the above calibers only, uses the Harris 6- to 9-inch bipod with a cant dial lock and is Coyote in color. The US Navy MRAD is Flat Dark Earth in .300 PRC and also uses the Harris bipod. The Mk22 does not use a monopod, but the bag rider is included. DoD MRAD issues the Accu-Shot monopod and no bag rider. Regarding the cheek piece, the Mk22 has the positive lock with increments, and the DoD MRAD has a friction lock with free adjustment. Several other differences are that the Mk22 safety has pictograms, and the DoD MRAD is S/F red and white; the trigger for Mk22 is fixed as I mentioned, but the DoD MRAD has a fully adjustable trigger that bottoms out at 1.75 pounds; and the Mk22 barrels are fluted stainless steel, DoD MRAD barrels are not fluted and are carbon fiber constructs. There are a lot of small changes and variations between the Mk22 and the DoD MRAD, but that’s not really our subject here.

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In addition to the MRAD and manufacturer markings, the Mk22 Mod 0 has US markings on it for issue model, etc.

USSOCOM Advanced Sniper Rifle Requirements

• Must be convertible to fire 7.62mm NATO, .300 Norma Magnum and .338 Norma Magnum cartridges.
• Must not exceed 17 pounds with an empty magazine but is ideally 13 pounds or less.
• Must not exceed 50 inches when fully extended, but is ideally 40 inches.
• Must not exceed 40 inches when collapsed for transport, but is ideally 36 inches.
• Must perform with at least 1 MOA accuracy for the 7.62 NATO and .300 Norma Magnum at 300 yards. Ideally .5 MOA.
• Must perform with at least 2.5 MOA accuracy for the .338 Norma Magnum at 300 yards. Ideally 1.5 MOA.
• Must have a modular flash or sound suppressor.

Calibers

Recently, the SOF community has tried a variety of calibers. The list is dizzying, and if you imagine the testing that has been done, it has occupied a lot of procurement people and design engineers, as well as end users. Here are just a few.

• 6mm Creedmoor
• 6.5mm Creedmoor
• 6.5mm Grendel
• .260 Remington
• .264 USA
• 6.8mm SPC
• .300 PRC
• .300 Norma Magnum
• .338 Norma Magnum
• .338 Lapua Magnum
• And now, 6mm ARC

Jimmie Sloan—Changing the Course

As the rest of the military/LE community (and this author) were variously adopting .338 Lapua Magnum and .300 Win Mag and finding some issues with these calibers in field use (not reliability, other issues), a parallel development had been going on in Willis, Texas. A very devoted long-range shooter named Mr. Jimmie Sloan was working on some new long-range loads, starting about 2005.

To some, Jimmie comes off more than “a little bit country,” and his down-home euphemisms might camouflage the brilliant mind inside there. Frequently, the most interesting leaps forward in technology come from a genius working in his garage—John Browning’s barn/workshop, Gene Stoner’s designs started in his garage, and heck, Carbine Williams did the M1 Carbine in jail!

Rumor has it, a room full of school-taught mechanical engineers tried to have a bit of fun at Jimmie’s expense, and it didn’t work out the way they expected. I asked Jimmie about it; he said, “I told them I didn’t have the schooling they did, but I had 50 years of experience designing, studying and shooting every day, and that over 8 years I hand-made brass and over 190,000 rounds of what became .338 Norma Magnum and made sure of every level of performance. I then asked them how many of their college degrees concentrated on ballistics, ammunition and firearms design. You could hear the crickets.”

The hard fact is, getting a degree in mechanical engineering is not a key to being able to design firearms—many graduating students find out very quickly that the firearms world is basically OJT. You might have training in metals, materials, even heat engines (that’s what firearms basically are) and ME101, but you need to apprentice all over again to be in firearms/ammunition design. The US education system simply doesn’t have firearms design in the curriculum. You can hope to work with someone who has 50 years’ experience and is willing to share it. You have to get your hands dirty. Besides, as the late Jim Schatz used to say, “Any day at the range beats a day at the office!”

Jimmie’s original designs used 240-grain (gr) MatchKing and 230-gr Berger bullets in the .300 Norma Magnum and 230-gr Berger bullets in the .338 Norma Magnum. The performance was superb, with barrel life in the 3,000-plus rounds. These are all excellent projectiles, and Jimmie designed the cartridges for the performance he wanted. Jimmie worked with General Dynamics on their Medium Machine Gun in .338 Norma Magnum, helping get that program moving.

Rumor also has it that one of the government arsenals changed the .300 projectile to a 215-grain and opened up the chamber, with resulting loss of performance and knocking barrel life down to 700 rounds or so. Jimmie’s reply is the eternal designer’s lament: “I gave you a balanced system; you changed something and then complained about the symptoms.”

In any event, the .300 Norma Magnum adopted now has a 215-grain OTM projectile, but Barrett ensured the chamber is “right,” and they’re getting 3,000-plus rounds life. The Barrett engineers worked with JGS Precision for chamber reamers on the MRAD and Mk22 programs (jgsprecision.com).

We should note here that Jimmie worked with Dave Kiff at Pacific Tool & Gauge (PTG) for much of his chamber design/reamers during the design project (pacifictoolandgauge.com). The headspace gauges this author used in the testing were PTG also. We checked headspace after barrel changes of course, as we got used to the system.

Ammo, Ammo, Ammo!

One of the most helpful ammunition companies in the US regarding law enforcement and special operations cartridges is Black Hills Ammunition (BH ammo) (black-hills.com). Started in 1981, Black Hills is synonymous with quality and reliability. This author has known Black Hills founder Jeff Hoffman for decades and has supplied numerous government contracts with BH ammo. Jeff was an active end user, is still a shooter, knows the needs and has the commitment to the end users. The BH ammo is solid, reliable and extremely accurate, and Jeff’s company worked very hard to come up with the loads needed for many other SOCOM projects as well as the Mk22 system. (Jeff was the 2010 recipient of the GySgt. Carlos Hathcock Award from NDIA Small Arms Committee.)

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Jeff was kind enough to send us a variety of the 7.62x51mm, .300 Norma Magnum and .338 Norma Magnum rounds exactly as used for the ASR program, and that is what we used in our testing. The Black Hills 7.62x51mm is legendary, a superbly accurate 175-grain projectile that is considered even with, if not better than, the military issue M118LR cartridge. In fact, many military and OGA groups use the Black Hills ammo. The .300 Norma Magnum and .338 Norma Magnum supplied to us show the clear results of what SOCOM was looking for during development—see the target section of this article. During development of the Mk22 system, the government awarded a sole-source contract to load reference ammunition to Black Hills. Part of that ammunition contract included a “surrogate” cartridge in .338 Norma loaded with the Sierra 300-grain OTM MatchKing that rifle manufacturers could use in development of the .338 Norma barrel for the system. This was done because of the expense of the AP-loaded cartridge and the close ballistic match between the 300-grain Sierra and the Lapua AP529 projectile. So, in short, there are two different projectiles that have been loaded in .338 Norma: the AP529 and the Sierra 300-grain OTM MatchKing. Only the AP529 is designated as the projectile in XM1162 (.338 Norma Magnum cartridge for the ASR). Many end users want the non-AP round to be adopted also, for use on ranges that can’t accept the AP round.

We also used some of the RUAG 7.62x52mm SWISS P Precision ammunition; longtime readers of SADJ will remember that in 2019 this author tested their palette of 7.62 offerings—seven various tactical rounds that have different jobs, but match point of impact; a truly desirable attribute. Unfortunately, RUAG was not in the competition, but it performed as well as expected.

The ammunition contract to supply the Mk22 Mod 0 “ASR” program did not go to Black Hills; earlier this year it was awarded to Ultra Defense Corp. Ultra Defense, as contract holder, has awarded a subcontract to Capstone Precision Group for manufacturing the cartridges. Capstone will be assembling the cartridges from subcontracted components—Capstone is the US sole distributor for Berger, Lapua, SK and Vihtavuori, among others. The single-year SOCOM agreement is for approximately 1 million rounds of ammunition: 800,000 rounds of .300 Norma Magnum with 215-grain OTM Hybrid Berger projectiles and Lapua-made cases. There will be 200,000 rounds of .338 Norma Magnum and 300-grain AP529 projectiles—both projectiles and cases are from Lapua, a NAMMO company, the AP529 is a NAMMO product and is NOT an OTMHC (Open Tip Match with a Hardened Core) as in numerous publications; it is an Armor Piercing Full Metal Jacket round with Tungsten Carbide Core. Excellent choice, in this author’s opinion, and more importantly the choice of the experts at SOCOM who exhaustively studied and fired tens of thousands of rounds. You can see the results on the targets later in this article. (Ultra Defense is sending SADJ some of the issue ammo for a separate test.)

Optically Speaking

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1. Eyepiece
2. Eyepiece lock ring
3. Power throw lever
4. Power zoom ring
5. ZeroStop™ elevation adjustment
6. Contract-specific UltraMount
7. Contract-specific removable laser platform
8. Capped windage adjustment and battery compartment (Opposite side: Parallax adjustment)
9. Objective/Objective lens

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The days of putting rounds on target with open sights are long in the past. I’m not saying that no one shoots open sights; most shooters have favorite Garands or ‘03s they can ring a gong or cut an impressive group with. The fact is that in military and LE scenarios, accuracy is king, lives are on the line, and high-grade optical sights, opto-electronics and the training to use them are the way to get there. The operator pulling the trigger and the chain of command up-hill have to answer for the accuracy of the shot and where the projectile lands, among other issues in this very complicated world.

The optic for the Mk22 PVPS (Precision Variable Power Scope) was not contracted with Barrett; but this is a system, and the chosen optic is a critical part of it. The Mk22 Optic contract was awarded to Nightforce® (nightforceoptics.com).

I should mention at first, that the Mk22 Mod 0 has a top rail slope of 10 MIL (ECP), and the DoD MRAD has a 20 MOA slope.

In that separate contract, SOCOM chose the Nightforce MIL-SPEC ATACR™ (Advanced TACtical Rifle) in two flavors, both with 34mm tubes and Horus Vision TREMOR3™ reticles in MRADs. The example sent to us for testing was the MIL-SPEC ATACR 7-35×56 F1 with custom mount. The other option SOCOM chose is the MIL-SPEC ATACR 5-25×56 F1. “MIL-SPEC” indicates these scopes are not the commercial version of the ATACR; they must meet the MIL-SPEC.

While this author found shooting at 1,000 meters with the 35x was very helpful, the real end users generally only use the 25x level for engaging and having more field of view; the 35x end is used for observation.

Nightforce is well-known for the rock solid scopes they build—they’re made to go in the field. The reticles chosen for the ASR are First Focal Plane and of course etched on glass; as magnification is used the reticle will also be magnified. (The Second Focal Plane is behind the magnification lenses and stays at one grid size no matter the magnification—useful in some scenarios, but this author prefers FFP, target adjustments at range seem much more precise.) Nightforce optics are also well-known for their light transmission capability. Looking through a Nightforce optic is almost breathtaking in clarity; clearly this was a factor in SOCOM’s choice of the optic. One bit of lore from the end users—highly trained snipers—many have told this author that at extended ranges the Nightforce scopes are decidedly better at seeing deeper “into” shadow areas compared to other scopes, a function of the NF lens treatment. This is very hard to quantify, but many end users swear by this.

The mount chosen is the Nightforce MIL-SPEC UltraMount with the RAP-I Laser Rangefinder attachment bridge; a soft case is supplied. Nightforce supplies a tool kit for the Optic system, with some additional tools not in the ASR kit supplied by Barrett: Torque tools of 100 in-lb and 25 in-lb, as well as a T15 Torx head bit.

Note: The Nightforce MIL-SPEC ATACR described here was also selected for the US DoD MRAD in .300 PRC caliber.

The optic selected for the US Army PSR version of the MRAD was the Leupold Mark 5HD 5-25×56 with MIL Grid 4 Reticle.

Nightforce ATACR 7-35×56 F1 

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Suppression

There are many considerations regarding suppressors for rifles; suppression of noise is not the only one. From the outset, SOCOM knew there would be a compromise on sound reduction for the 7.62 and .300 Norma Magnum calibers if they wanted one suppressor to use on all the calibers and barrels in the Mk22 Mod 0 system. Barrett’s engineers knew this as well; the bore had to accommodate the largest diameter projectile. The alternative would be to carry two suppressors, but for the small decibel reduction gained, the weight gain to the system would not be worth it. Thus, SOCOM chose one suppressor—the AML338. Barrett makes excellent suppressors, the AM series thread onto the outer section of the patented muzzle brake with the DC series being threaded directly to the barrel. Obviously, the AM series won out. The AML338 suppressor is on the Mk22. The DoD MRAD has the AM338. The main difference is that the AML338 has a secondary lock and of course the color; AML338 is Coyote, AM338 is FDE.

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Each of the Mk22 barrel muzzle brakes has an identical diameter threaded outer section, and the muzzle brake is actually designed with being part of the entry chamber of the suppressor in mind.

Where some loss of suppression occurs is that the AML338 has its bore diameter keyed to the .338-inch projectiles, and when the .308- or .300-inch (.300 Norma Magnum projectiles are actually a .308 diameter) projectiles are fired through, there is some blow-by that raises the decibel level. Honestly, to the ear it wasn’t very noticeable when we changed calibers. Then again, all of us who were shooting have high frequency hearing loss so the only way to really quantify it was using a proper meter like a Larson Davis 800B, which we did not have, and Dr. Philip H. “Doc” Dater wasn’t with us.

Barrett manufactures the AML338 suppressor out of a high-strength Titanium alloy. They use modern CNC machining and orbital welders to keep the hoop strength with the lowest amount of material. Precision bore alignment maintains accuracy, reduces point of impact shift and aids in flash reduction.

During our firing, we found that almost all of the groups tightened up when we fired suppressed. This phenomena is frequently observed in well-made, well-matched rifle systems. Doc Dater covers this in the Suppressor Class he teaches at Phoenix Defence, so I’m deferring to him on this:

This tightening up of a group happens the majority of the time as long as there is no misalignment. You also get a 20–50 ft/s velocity increase, not germane to this discussion. There are two factors in play. First is a change in barrel harmonics from the mass of the suppressor (and how tightly it is screwed on). Second (and probably a greater effect) is that on uncorking, the gas has approximately twice the velocity of the projectile and rushes around the bullet which then has to traverse the various shock waves that can cause a little instability. The can shears off this gas in the entrance chamber much in the way muzzle brakes do. The gas loses velocity quickly as it interacts with the air. Look at the three high-speed photos from a 20-inch barreled .223 gun.

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Per Doc Dater: “These were consecutive frames taken at 15,000 fps. The sun was just right so the lower image is a shadowgraph of the direct image above and better shows the shock waves. This series is used in my talk (with about eight other frames) as part of a flash study. The Mach disk is a high pressure, high temperature shock wave that actually ignites the carbon monoxide to make the fireball.”

Range Day 1: Intro to the Mk22

I’ve heard that government users have regularly seen groups in the sub-half minute range. Obviously, no one discusses the specifics of accuracy requirements or testing results other than what is put out publicly. Even if I knew, I would self-censor; we’re talking about national defense. I will say, that our testing confirmed the rumors.

SADJ is a firearms magazine—our writers and almost all of the staff are shooters of various levels and experience. Long-range shooting is a specific skill, and testing a rifle system like the Mk22 Mod 0 requires the person on the trigger to have the skill, not just be a “good shot.” Dennis Powell, a well-known civilian accurate shooter, joined us at the range for 3 of our days, along with long-range shooter Harry Bovie, Chuck Bolding, who is highly respected in training circles, Damon Bolding, a gunsmith at Phoenix Defence, and this author. Dennis was chosen by me to do the record shooting so I could hide my own deficiencies. We fired from bench; I did not want to get down and fire from “Rocking Horse Prone.”

Our chosen range? Boulder Rifle & Pistol Club in the high desert near Boulder City, Nevada. Excellent ranges, good people (brpc1.org).

Our first day at the range was learning the rifle. Before we started, we knew the rifle was coming in from another tester, so we had to bring it all back to zero and learn it from the start. By the end of the morning, we were hitting not-so-impressive groups at 100 yards and ringing the gong at 1,100 yards. Not time for serious shooting yet, time to study.

Range Day 2: Learning the Lessons

We went back to the shop at Phoenix Defence. We got out the manuals and filled in the blanks. This is a rifle, not a complex space station or mega-computer; it is a rifle system, however, and it takes study, trial and error to learn to make all the components perform at top level. This was a very boring day with Lessons Learned and studied out.

Range Day 3: Printing Paper 100

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After digesting the information for another week, it was back to the range. There were many sub-half-minute-of-angle groups, the best being a .300 Norma Magnum Berger 215-grain from a suppressed rifle—this was center to center under 0.3 inches. Very respectable group for Dennis. We now felt ready to take on the longer ranges.

Range Day 4: Long-Range Day

18 August 2020: Today was the day we’d been waiting for—we’d learned the system, and we were reaching out to 1,000-plus yards, for the record.

Conditions Day 4

Shooting times: 07:30-11:30
Pressure Hg: 27.66–27.71
Humidity: 22% down to 14% at 11:30
Wind: 5–8 MPH cross-range R-L
Temp: 96–110˚F
Elevation: 2,450ft

Vortex Razor Spotting Scope

Just as difficult as it is to be a sniper in the field without a spotter, it is the same at the range. Two sets of eyes work together and make the task quicker, and the feedback helps.

Vortex Optics has an excellent reputation; they gather light and give clarity that is at a top level. I’d honestly never looked through a spotting scope compared to this, too often the spotting scope is an afterthought on range day. Once you use the Razor® HD, and if you’re a serious shooter or end user, there’s no question of skimping on this essential tool again.

We had the availability of the Vortex Razor HD 27-60x85mm angled spotting scope with an MRAD reticle eyepiece. The reticle on the Vortex is MRAD, matching the MRAD system in the Mk22 optic. The Vortex has the ability to change to straight spotting with no reticle or to a reticle matching MOA if the optic being used is MOA. This is accomplished with an interchangeable eyepiece. Range can also be calculated easily with either reticle if there is an object of known dimensions in the field of view (vortexoptics.com).

MRAD vs. MOA? Without getting into a street fight like “9mm vs. .45ACP,” let’s keep it simple. SOCOM called for MRAD, and that’s what everyone is using. MOA is “Minute of Angle,” and old guys like your faithful correspondent usually use that. MOA is an angle measurement; in effect, 1 MOA at 100 yards is one inch. Take that to 1,000 yards, 1 MOA is 10 inches. MRAD stands for “Milliradians,” also a unit of measurement of angle. Lord help you if you have a scope in MRAD and other devices in MOA, you’ll be doing lots of unnecessary math in an already complex program such as long-range shooting. Both are based on the 360 degrees of a circle, and the discussed measurement is an arc that is a very small part of that circle when discussing accuracy in shooting. Without doing all the long division, at 1,000 meters, a one MOA click on your scope is 3.5 inches of adjustment on a target; and a one MRAD click on your scope is 3.9 inches. It makes a difference. Thus, if you’re using an MOA optic, make sure you have the MOA reticle eyepiece for your Razor HD spotting scope, and vice versa if you had the MRAD like we did in this test.

Vortex describes the Razor HD as having a “sophisticated triplet apochromatic lens system” and honestly, that’s a bunch of twenty-dollar words that don’t mean much to most people. Here’s basically what is being said: Triplet means there are three pieces of glass lined up; apochromatic means there isn’t any false color, shifting red and blue light to a different plane. Multiple lenses tend to shift colors and that has to be designed out. Thus, Vortex has the “sophisticated” job of getting three lenses to line up perfectly and stay there in long-term, rugged use, while keeping true color to the viewer’s eye—no small task with lens finish and refraction. This costs money, and the Razor HD is an expensive spotting scope, listing out at around $1,900. If you’re a professional, this is short money for what you are getting. Color can make all the difference in identifying targets and non-targets.

We used the Vortex PRO GT tripod to mount the spotting scope. It has a balance weight hook to the center, strong, lightweight legs and a very steady panning head.

The Vortex Razor HD 27-60x85mm spotting scope is under testing with many special operations groups, and we know it is currently with the Scout Sniper Section of Panther Team JMRC Operations Group in Germany.

Tools and Changing Calibers

As all men-at-arms know, you need the kit for your weapons. Tools, cleaning kit, gauges, and in a soldier’s kit, what is there has to be carefully considered regarding need, bulk and, of course, weight. SOCOM specifies the TO&E (Table of Organization & Equipment) it wants. The Fix It Sticks Torque Limiters (store.fixitsticks.com) are gaining in popularity, and SOCOM as well as Barrett and Nightforce call for this product in the inch-pound (in-lb) requirements. With this system, there is no need for carrying a torque wrench, each needed setting has its own torque limiter, preset and marked. These fit into any standard ¼-inch driver, including the Fix It Sticks T-Way T-Handle that is supplied, and any standard ¼-inch bit fits into the receptor end. The torque limiter will spin once the correct torque has been reached (within +/- 6%)—no over-torquing. Torque measurement is not required in removal, so no kit is needed for that (this is a measurement-only tool and not relevant here). I have not seen the Nightforce tool kit, but the Nightforce mount requires at least two things SOCOM did not dictate for Barrett’s contract: 100 in-lb torque limiter and a T15 Torx bit—I’ve no idea if Torx or Torx PLUS. I do know there was room in the Barrett supplied kit, so I added them for our field work.

Speaking of the Torx head screws and bits in the Barrett-issue kit, these are not regular Torx bits; they are Torx PLUS, denoted by the “IP” in front of the size, “IP30” instead of “T30” on a regular Torx. You can strip the star heads out of the bolts if you don’t use the PLUS bits. The lobes of the star points are more square on the PLUS heads, stronger than standard Torx and can handle more torque IF you use the correct bit. As noted by your faithful correspondent over the decades, nothing ruins quality firearms like a large hammer and a small mind.

The Mk22 Mod 0 Tool Kit

• 140-in-lb miniature torque limiter
• 65-in-lb miniature torque limiter
• 45-in-lb miniature torque limiter
• 25-in-lb miniature torque limiter
• 15-in-lb miniature torque limiter
• T-Way T-Handle Wrench
• 8 different bits (IP30 Torx, IP27 Torx, IP25 Torx, 5/32-inch hex, 1/8-inch hex, 5/64-inch hex, 1/16-inch hex) NOTE: The “IP” Torx are Torx PLUS!
• ½-inch socket and ¼-inch bit adapter set
• Deluxe zippered pouch with 3×5-inch Velcro® and MOLLE rigging on reverse
• 3 long Tekton® punches (1/16 inch, 3/32 inch, 1/8 inch) replacement parts 66061, 66063 and 66064

The only deficiency this writer saw in the kit was no “Snap Caps.” I like to train trigger release, and it’s not the healthiest thing for the firing pin to undergo unsupported release. If SOCOM wanted it, they would have specified and Barrett certainly could have provided. However, .300 and .338 Norma Magnum are not cartridges with COTS (Commercial Off-the-Shelf) snap cap availability. I used my standard A-Zone 7.62x51mm, but the .300 and .338 Norma Magnum cartridges have significantly shorter cases than .338 Lapua Magnum, and the bullets are seated deeper as well. The Norma cartridges have less taper, a slightly sharper shoulder and a slightly longer neck—once again, no COTS availability. I contacted the originator of the high-grade snap caps, Eric Kennard, from Harbour Arms. (harbourarms.com), and we discussed at length. I sent him some of the live rounds to work from, and within a few weeks he produced two of each for our use. Perfect. The custom work cost more than the COTS products he sells for almost every sniper/precision caliber, but it’s worth it. As a side note, Harbour Arms is a Disabled-First-Responder-owned company. I forwarded his contact to Barrett and SOCOM; hopefully there’s some support there—it would be nice to see Eric and Cindy get a shot at supplying.

Headspace Gauges

There were no headspace gauges supplied. They’re not needed at the operator level according to doctrine, even with all the barrel changing inherent to the system. I used my Pacific Tool & Gauge headspace gauges, PTG worked with Jimmie Sloan on the chambers, and Barrett used JGS Precision chamber reamers and gauges. It became clear early on that the Barrett MRAD system is virtually perfect. Our confidence in properly installing barrels and bolt heads went up immediately; this is a very reliable system.

Cleaning: The Right Way

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Once the firearm is cleared, the upper receiver can be opened upward by pressing the release lever on the lower (note the silver lug). The bolt can then be removed to the rear, and the rear bolt guide and front bolt guide can be removed.

Bolt Disassembly

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The bolt pin is pushed through—it can only go one way, and it is captured so it won’t come out. When you reach the proper position, the bolt will come out forward. Reassembly is the reverse.

Changing Calibers

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Changing calibers is a simple yet precise operation. The barrels and bolt heads will be engraved with their caliber—match them up. Remove the magazine then the bolt as above, and change out the bolt head to the new caliber.

Unscrew the two barrel screws, but not completely. Remove the old barrel to the front and then slide in the new caliber barrel into the receiver; make sure the index pin at the top seats all the way. Starting with the rear screw, tighten the two barrel screws to 140 in-lb using the torque limiter marked for that and the T30 PLUS (IP30) bits. Be careful not to strip the screw heads. Assemble the firearm and ensure the bolt is properly rotating into position.

Changing Safety

The Mk22 Mod 0 has the same feature as the MRAD regarding the reversible safety selector. This is operator preference regarding safety manipulation. It’s a quick change.

With the upper and lower opened, the selector, in this case on the right, is moved to the halfway position between “safe” and “fire.” It will drop into a detent, enough to be felt. It is then pushed out to the selector side. Place it at the halfway position on the other side of the receiver and insert, then rotate to “safe.”

Forward Handguard

The Mk22 features the same M-LOK systems as the MRAD at 3, 6, and 9 o’clock positions, and some short Picatinny-style rails are supplied. In this case, the Harris 6–9 inch bipod can be seen with the LaRue Tactical® adapter and the rotating cant knob (not lever).

Case & Carry Bag

I’m not sure if the system hard case was chosen by Barrett or SOCOM. In any event, the Pelican™ 1770 is perfect. The system is laid out where all parts can be easily gotten to—this is a full system “Overseas Case” for deploying. Pelican paved the way on heavy-duty rolling hard cases and wasn’t afraid to work with the military. It’s heavy, but it’s not supposed to be dragged around in the field; it’s supposed to protect the equipment and nest it so it’s easy to visually ID a full system and choose needed components. The hard case is for the base camp (sorry, that’s old-speak—for the FOB). The soft case is for the field.

Armageddon™ Gear was chosen for the soft case for the Mk22 Mod 0 as well as the suppressor mirage cover. The stitching and bar-tack work are flawless. This is a very well-made case, and it is thought out for the end user, clearly by end users. The company’s advertising has some braggadocio, and I was skeptical, then I looked this case over carefully. Damn. Will Sonnett (Walter Brennan in “The Guns of Will Sonnet”) used to say “… and I’m better than both of ‘em—no brag, just fact,” referring to his sons and gunfighting. It’s pretty clear that the Mk22 case is based off of Armageddon Gear’s CSASS precision rifle case. To start with, that would be 1000D (Denier) CORDURA® fabric. Denier is the thickness of the textured nylon filaments used in the fabric. 1000D is very, very durable, for heavy duty uses—most soft cases use 500D or less. Armageddon uses a fabric that is solution-dyed which guarantees a homogenous color, and since this is a low-IR signature finish, that will be homogenous also. I spent a couple hours exploring all the ways to use the case, what I could put where, set it up for backpack with the straps and tried it as a drag bag. I carried it slung and used it rocking horse prone to keep the sharp desert pebbles from causing my delicate constitution discomfort. Seriously, this is long-time gear, versatile and well thought out. Excellent choice by SOCOM and Barrett, Armageddon Gear: “No brag, just fact” (armageddongear.com).

In Conclusion

I’ll keep it short and sweet. Barrett’s MRAD as the Mk22 Mod 0 is absolutely deserving of the award they received. We fired a significant amount of ammunition, suppressed and unsuppressed; changed calibers out numerous times and went between 100 and 1,100 yards. All of us were impressed. I don’t remember a discouraging comment, and as all shooters know, put a bunch of us together with a new system, and there will be grumping and carping. None at all with Mk22. SOCOM’s due diligence in testing is clearly optimum; without seeing the inside of their thought process, it’s clear the end results have paid off. From this humble correspondent’s view, the end users and procurement testing personnel at SOCOM have hit a clear home run with the Mk22 Mod 0 selection. I would bet that Barrett Firearms staff are proud of this (Nightforce as well!), and I would expect to see many follow-on contracts for this system by US end users, and especially the overseas SOF community taking advantage of the exhaustive testing done to adopt the Mk22. Bravo!

Barrett is known for their innovative approaches in designing rifles. Much of this stems from Barrett’s non-typical background for a firearms firm. Their first product the semiautomatic M82 .50 BMG’s typifies this. Barrett Firearms Manufacturing, based in Murfreesboro, Tennessee was founded in 1982 and centered on Ronnie Barrett’s idea of a shoulder-fired .50 BMG rifle. Barrett’s first conventional military success was the sale of about 100 M82A1 rifles to the Swedish Army in 1989. World events then transpired to give Barrett a major impetus towards success in 1990, when the United States armed forces purchased significant numbers of the M82A1 during operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm in Kuwait and Iraq. About 125 rifles were initially bought by the United States Marine Corps, and orders from the Army and Air Force soon followed. The success of the Barrett .50 BMG rifles allowed for Barrett to expand its product line to include AR and precision bolt action rifles.

The Ronnie Barrett saga of one man’s vision coming to represent a whole new class of weapon that harnessed the brute power of the Browning .50 caliber round is a thing of legend. Many are familiar with the Barrett story thanks to several documentaries and articles that have been featured since 1982. Ronnie was a professional photographer and artist who wanted to create a shoulder fired rifle chambered in .50 BMG. He had no prior experience in manufacturing or as an engineer. He hand-drew the design for what was to become the Barrett semiautomatic .50 BMG rifle. When he took those drawings to machine shops in the area they laughed at his ideas. Instead of giving up, he decided to manufacturer his idea himself. This same attitude has carried through to other Barrett products. Ronnie Barrett’s “amateur” boldness in bucking the norm by challenging conventional thinking; his dogged refusal to accept no as an answer believing his product was a better answer was eventually rewarded both in terms of worldwide military procurement and recognition by his peers.

For this evaluation a Schmidt & Bender 5-25x56mm PM II with H2 CMR reticle was mounted on the MRAD via AWP rings.

The focus of this article will be on the Barrett MRAD – Multi-Role Adaptive Design. The MRAD was initially introduced chambered in .338 Lapua in response to the United States Special Operations Command’s (USSOCOM) solicitation for a new long range anti-personnel rifle. One of the main objectives of the USSOCOM PSR (Precision Sniper Rifle) specifications is caliber modularity; providing military snipers with the capability to change calibers without armorer support. This shows through in the Barrett MRAD. While it would seem a sniper would always use the most powerful long range cartridge, the truth is many training venues and budgets do not allow full time use of expensive .338 Lapua ammunition. A removable barrel also provides the tactical operator the advantage of carrying the MRAD in components, thus reducing the package size during transport. The .338 Lapua is the obvious main cartridge that the USSOCOM specifications were built around. However, the military is also interested in maximizing logistics of using current cartridges such as the .308Win/7.62 NATO and .300 WinMag as well as allowing operators to choose cartridges that best suit their needs. Allowing snipers to swap to .308Win/7.62 NATO or .300 WinMag saves precious resources while still satisfying mission requirements. If ammunition resupply becomes a problem in a combat theater, snipers can count on the availability of various .308Win/7.62NATO ammunition compared to .338 Lapua or even .300 WinMag. As a footnote to this, the ability to use .308 Win, and to a lesser degree .300 WinMag, will find favor with law enforcement agencies.

The Barrett MRAD represents the cutting edge of rifle technology combining many innovative patent pending features with time proven accuracy producing enhancements. The MRAD’s distinctive aesthetics immediately puts one on notice that this is not an ordinary rifle. With the MRAD, Barrett has created very accurate modular long range rifle. Barrett’s instincts for how to create a minimalist design while retaining the ability to change barrels and accommodate mission specific accessories is the key to its performance success. Just like the AR platform, the Barrett MRAD is comprised of an “upper” and a “lower” section. The MRAD’s upper is a monolithic rail system with a free floated barrel inside. As previously mentioned, the Barrett MRAD is configured to accept multiple calibers with a simple barrel and bolt change. The MRAD’s mission flexibility will be on display in this article by featuring the .308 Win and .300 WinMag chamberings. Time spent with Jeff Burch, the Barrett Director U.S. Commercial Sales really brought home the simple genius of the MRAD design. Jeff demonstrated the barrel change procedure with the MRAD. The procedure is instinctual and easily accomplished afield with only rudimentary tools needed that are easily carried in a drag bag or other gear.

Barrett MRAD was tested with a variety of ammunition types to make sure it handled all with equal aplomb. Various .308 Win loadings from Black Hills Ammunition, Federal, Winchester, and Hornady provided the basis of my accuracy tests.

The .308 Win MRAD features a 1:10 RH twist 17-inch fluted barrel and functions with a 10-round detachable double stack magazine. The .300 WinMag barrel measures 24 inches and is also fed via 10-round detachable magazine. Further listing of MRAD dimensions includes an overall length of nearly 42 inches with the .308 Win and 49 inches with the longer .300 WinMag barrel. The folding stock reduces length by nearly 9 inches. Weight is around 13 pounds. An integral 30 MOA Picatinny scope rail is ready to accept a myriad of optics and other accessories. The MRAD upper receiver forend rail system can accept additional rail sections for mounting of night vision devices, laser designators, and anything else a user would need to fulfill a mission. The MRAD’s bolt is encased in a polymer sleeve that adds lubricity and makes cycling the action almost effortless. The Barrett MRAD had no problems keeping scope reticle relatively stable when functioning the bolt even when firing multiple rounds in relatively rapid fashion; a compliment to its design and smoothness of the bolt. There is a “hitch” felt at the top of the bolt handle lift before it starts its rearward path. Once accustomed to this characteristic it did not hinder bolt manipulation. The Barrett MRAD has a familiar AR type pistol grip and safety lever. The rear stock is multi-adjustable in terms of length of pull and comb height. The modular Barrett adjustable trigger arrived set for 3 pounds.

A tactical rifle weapon system is made up of rifle/optics/ammunition/shooter. For this evaluation a Schmidt & Bender 5-25x56mm PM II with H2 CMR reticle was mounted on the MRAD via AWP rings. In the past few years, Schmidt & Bender (S&B) has made a couple of powerful statements by winning two of the most prestigious U.S. military optic contracts. Most recently, S&B was chosen to provide the optic for the U.S. Precision Sniper Rifle (PSR) contract that the Barrett MRAD was created to contend for. Schmidt & Bender will be supplying its 5-25×56 PM II scope in a special PSR version to U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force and Marine Special Forces for existing and future sniper rifles. The Schmidt & Bender optic is expected to serve and perform all over the world under widely varying and harsh environmental conditions; albeit under water, near coastlines, in arctic surroundings, in the jungle and last, but not least, in urban warfare. Another milestone that established Schmidt & Bender as a major player in the tactical optic market was the S&B 3-12×50 PM II model being chosen for use by the U.S. Marines on their sniper rifles. This was after two years of comprehensive testing by the U.S. Marines against twenty five rival scope types.

Barrett’s Jeff Burch demonstrated the ease of changing calibers with the MRAD

The first requirement of a tactical precision rifle is accuracy. Testing consisted of .300 WinMag Black Hills Match 190gr BTHP, Federal Premium 190gr Sierra Matchking, and Hornady 178gr A-Max TAP loadings. The same brands were used in the .308 Win portion of evaluation along with Winchester. The Black Hills .308 Win Match loads tested consisted of 168 grain and 175 grain Match bullets. The Federal .308 Win chambering was the venerable 168 grain Match load. 168 grain TAP from Hornady along with Winchester 168 grain Match was also used. The thought process is simple; if these loads do not produce accuracy nothing will. Prior use of these loads backs-up this belief. The Barrett MRAD shot all the premium loads tested into 1 MOA or better at 100 yards; mostly better with 5/8” groups not untypical. This statement covers both the .300 WinMag and .308 Win chamberings. The bench testing was done off a Champion tripod front rest and rear sand bag. The accuracy figures are based on firing three five-round groups and averaging group sizes. Not a lot of time was spent at the 100 yard range. 300 yards and out is the more indicative test of a weapon system like the Barrett MRAD. This generates useful ballistic information for the shooter, especially when it comes to elevation and windage data for log books and ballistic calculations. Accuracy out to three hundred yards was sub-MOA and it was the shooter who ruined the sub-MOA potential at the 600 yard targets. The Barrett MRAD was tested over an extended time period constantly producing sub-MOA groups with several different ammunition brands – an important logistic consideration. Another sign of an accurate, dependable rifle is how cold bore zeros compare over time and if the point of aim shifts after a few rounds heat up the barrel. The Barrett MRAD showed no shifts in point of aim and cold bore zeros produced fine groups when overlaid together.

The MRAD’s relatively light weight for a precision rifle at 13 pounds translates into a weapon that can be carried afield without fatiguing the user and is easier to adapt to non-standard firing positions even offhand if needed. Tactical rifles weighing significantly more than the Barrett MRAD have been handled. While accurate from a fixed prone position, all were challenging to shoot in any other position besides prone, even if employing shooting sticks or other means of support. The 17 inch and 24 inch barrels are a solid compromise balancing weight, performance, and field handling for the precision marksman. The MRAD had no problems with shifting points of aim even when firing 10 aimed rounds in relatively rapid fashion. Let’s face it, the majority tactical precision rifle scenarios will not require this many rounds fired during one mission or call out, especially for law enforcement.

The MRAD’s modular trigger is adjustable and arrives from factory measuring a crisp 3 pounds.

After testing innate accuracy from the bench, field tests were performed at Echo Valley Training Center. This consisted of shooting prone off a bi-pod or pack. The MRAD’s stock configuration is unique to say the least. After firing over 450 combined rounds of .308 Win and .300 WinMag, the MRAD’s ergonomics, especially firing from the prone position, came to be fully appreciated. The buttstock is fully adjustable for length of pull; further tweaking can be accomplished with the cheek piece, which can be raised or lowered per individual preference. The Barrett MRAD’s smooth bolt manipulation became evident on the range when having to quickly correct hold point based on spotter’s feedback and re-engage any missed target. The MRAD’s ease of manipulation aids a shooter chambering a fresh round with minimal head disturbance. This enables a fast, accurate follow-up shot on a target not anchored with the first shot or another separate aiming point if a shooter is in a target-rich environment. The ten-round magazine capacity is also valued in target rich environments. This is where all of the MRAD’s technological innovation pays off for the law enforcement or military sniper deployed in the field. Extremely accurate range rifles do not always translate into effective tactical rifles due to durability issues that arise when taken afield. The MRAD was tested during various range conditions and subjected to course conditions made familiar by training at Storm Mountain Training Center. An operator will quickly overcome any preconceived notions about the MRAD based upon appearance once it is utilized in the field or training operations. The MRAD’s advantages in accuracy and ergonomics will quickly become apparent. Any department or individual contemplating a new tactical rifle would do well to consider the MRAD – not only for what it offers in performance, but also the advantage of having Barrett as a company backing it in terms of service, parts and accessories.

Orientation and intimate familiarity with a weapon such as the Barrett MRAD is a must for shooter and rifle to achieve full potential. The modularity of the MRAD comes in very handy in this aspect of being able to convert to .308 Win/7.62 NATO, .300 WinMag and .338 Lapua. In fact, for most missions, especially in the law enforcement realm, the .308 Win chambered MRAD is more than suitable for sniping/tactical applications. The Barrett MRAD .338 Lapua is best thought of as a specialized platform when needing to extend range beyond 1,000 yards. The .308 Win still allows the trained marksman a ballistic advantage, especially when combined with the MRAD’s gilt edge long range accuracy. The .300 WinMag chambering in the Barrett MRAD fills the gap between the .308 Win and .338 Lapua with many feeling it is the optimum chambering by offering extra horsepower compared to the .308 Win without the blast and recoil of the .338 Lapua. The key thing to remember with the Barrett MRAD is that you have a choice and flexibility to adapt to specific mission profiles.

The MRAD’s modular nature is on display in this photo. The bolt slides inside a polymer sleeve that also serves to seal off the raceway from debris.

The MRAD’s rear stock folds securing the bolt handle and reduced length to 31.75 inches. This was a requirement from the USSOCOM PSR requirements.

Barrett’s proprietary muzzle brake efficiently tamed recoil to levels that made shooting the MRAD comfortable.

Echo Valley Training Center’s multi-stepped berm allowed for realistic evaluation of the Barrett MRAD.

The .300 WinMag chambered MRAD proved itself a sub-MOA performer with five-round groups; not just three-round groups that some rifles use to describe their accuracy.

The .308 Win MRAD features a 1:10 RH twist 17-inch fluted barrel and functions with a 10-round detachable double stack magazine. Further listing of MRAD dimensions includes an overall length of nearly 42 inches (31.75 inches with stock folded) and weight of 13 pounds.

Leupold Mk 4 6.5-20x scope was mounted via Leupold rings to the MRAD’s integral 30MOA rail.

The focus of this article will be on the Barrett MRAD – Multi-Role Adaptive Design – chambered in .338 Lapua.  The MRAD’s development was in response to the United States Special Operations Command’s (USSOCOM) solicitation for a new long range anti-personnel rifle as highlighted in the published 2009 Performance Specification for the Precision Sniper Rifle (PSR).  Barrett is familiar with the requirements and methods of the military procurement system thanks to their .50 BMG rifle experience.  The MRAD built upon an earlier Barrett precision bolt rifle, the Model 98B, to meet the USSOCOM PSR requirements.  USSOCOM’s intention for the MRAD, or any other rifle officially chosen for the PSR, is meant for USSOCOM snipers to interdict enemy personnel, positions, and non-technical vehicles mounted with crew-served weapons out to 1,500 meters or further, while also being capable of defeating NIJ Level III body armor out to 900 meters.  Other parameters that guided the Barrett MRAD development involved length, weight, and magazine capacity specifications as well as penetration capability of the projectile fired along with the ability to mount night vision devices and other accessories.  The major components of the USSOCOM PSR were listed as…“shall include a rifle, ten magazines, sound suppressor including mirage mitigating device, operator manual, sling, cleaning kit, bipod, drag bag and a hard carrying case.  The PSR is specified to be no longer than 50 inches fully extended without suppressor, with the ideal set at 40 inches overall.  With the stock folded, the maximum length is 40 inches, with 36 inches set as the objective of USSOCOM.  The threshold weight for the weapon with a Mil-Std 1913 rail and a 10-round unloaded magazine is 18 pounds, and the objective weight is no greater than 13 pounds.”

Barrett’s proprietary muzzle brake efficiently tamed recoil to levels that made shooting the MRAD comfortable as any heavy weight .308Win rifle.

One of the main objectives of the USSOCOM PSR specifications is caliber modularity.  The .338 Lapua is the obvious main cartridge that the specifications were built around.  However, the military is also interested in maximizing logistics of using current cartridges already in use such as the 7.62 NATO and .300 WinMag.  One goal of SOCOM’s PSR effort is to provide military snipers with the capability to change rifle calibers without armorer support.  While it would seem a sniper would always use the best long-range precision cartridge, the truth is many training venues and budgets do not allow full time use of expensive .338 Lapua ammunition; allowing snipers to swap to .300 WinMag or 7.62 NATO saves precious resources.  If ammunition resupply becomes a problem in a combat theater, snipers can always count on the availability of various 7.62 NATO ammunition.  A removable barrel also provides the advantage of allowing snipers to carry the system in components, reducing the package size during transport.

The MRAD’s 10-round magazines were filled with Lapua and Black Hills Ammunition with 250 grain and 300 grain bullets of various configurations.

Initial .338 Lapua development can be traced to 1983 with Research Armament Industries (RAI) in the United States.  After preliminary experiments, a .416 Rigby case necked down to take a 0.338-inch bullet was selected, since this diameter presents an optimum of sectional density and penetrating capability for rifle bullets.  Difficulties with case development lead RAI to contact Lapua of Finland in 1984.  RAI was forced to drop out of the program due to financial difficulties.  After cancellation of the original RAI production, the companies of Lapua, SAKO, and Accuracy International finished the development with a redesigned case more suitable to withstand the high pressures required to launch 250 or 300 grain bullets at nearly 3,000 feet per second.  The .338 Lapua is considered an ideal military long-range anti-personnel cartridge as it fills the gap between the 7.62 NATO and .50BMG.

Just like the AR platform, the Barrett MRAD is comprised of an “upper” and a “lower” section.  The MRAD’s upper is a monolithic rail system with a free floated barrel inside.  The Barrett MRAD is configured to accept multiple calibers with a simple barrel and bolt change.  The MRAD features a 1:10 RH twist 24.5 inch fluted barrel and functions with a 10 round detachable double stack magazine.  Further listing of MRAD dimensions includes an overall length of nearly 47 inches (40 inches with stock folded) and weight of 14.8 pounds.  An integral 30MOA Picatinny scope rail is ready to accept a myriad of optics and other accessories.  The MRAD upper receiver forend rail system can accept additional rail sections for mounting of night vision devices, laser designators, and anything else a user would need to fulfill a mission.  The MRAD’s bolt is encased in a polymer sleeve that adds lubricity and makes cycling the action almost effortless.  The Barrett MRAD had no problems keeping scope reticle relatively stable when functioning the bolt even when firing multiple rounds in relatively rapid fashion; a compliment to its design and smoothness of the bolt.  There is a notable “hitch” at the top of the bolt handle lift before it starts its rearward path.  Once accustomed to this characteristic it did not hinder bolt manipulation.  The Barrett MRAD has a familiar AR type pistol grip and safety lever.  The rear stock is multi adjustable in terms of length of pull and comb height.  The Barrett adjustable trigger arrived set for 3 pounds.

300 yard accuracy matched 100 yard MOA with groups under1.5 inches not untypical and all below 3 inches.

With the MRAD, Barrett created a very accurate modular long range rifle.  Barrett’s instincts for how to create a minimalist design while retaining the ability to change barrels and accommodate mission specific accessories is the key to its performance success.  For this evaluation, a Leupold Mk 4 6.5-20x scope with Mil-dot reticle was mounted on the MRAD via Leupold Mk 4 rings.  Ammunition tested in the Barrett MRAD consisted of Black Hills Ammunition Sierra MatchKing 250 and 300 grain bullets.  Lapua brand ammunition used consisted of Lock Base 250 grain FMJBT and Scenar 300 grain HPBT bullets.  The first requirement of a tactical rifle is precise accuracy.  The Barrett MRAD tested consistently produced sub-MOA groups with the different .338 Lapua ammunition accessed – an important logistic consideration.  The stock is rock solid with design characteristics making it conducive to long range shooting from the prone position using either improvised shooting rests or bipod.  The moderate weight of the MRAD allows for offhand and other types of supported fire if needed; this is not practical with most .50 BMG chambered weapons or even other .338 Lapua rifles.  The ergonomics of the stock allows for a comfortable, repeatable cheekweld combined with hand placement conducive to pulling the trigger smoothly.  The MRAD’s aluminum stock contributes to the ruggedness of the platform ensuring constant repeatable accuracy no matter conditions.   The MRAD’s 15 pound weight translates into a rifle that can be carried afield without overly fatiguing the marksman compared to a .50 BMG rifle.

The MRAD did not spend a lot of time at the 100 yard line during this T&E.  After verifying innate accuracy from the bench, field tests were performed at Echo Valley Training Center (EVTC).  Echo Valley Training Center permitted and more importantly is properly set-up to handle extensive test firing of a precision tactical rifle like the MRAD.  300 yards and out are the more indicative test of a precision tactical rifle.  The work up at EVTC was done in preparation for much longer range work in mind.  EVTC has access to various off site locations where up to 2,000 yards is available.  This is a rare commodity, especially outside of any military controlled property.  Evaluation at EVTC spanned several sessions.  While not expecting sympathy, rounds fired per session were kept at a minimum in order to maintain objectivity and to ensure each round fired was given its best chance of success.  EVTC has fixed dug in firing positions, which proved perfect for this evaluation.  The shooter can remain standing while maintaining the Barrett MRAD firing from off the ground stabilized by bipod and sandbag.  This proved easier for managing recoil compared to lying behind the rifles in a more traditional prone position.  While muzzle blast is impressive with the Barrett MRAD, recoil is not excessive with the caveat that this is no beginner shooter platform.

Barrett MRAD ships in a Pelican case arriving with two 10-round double stack magazines. MRAD dimensions include an overall length of nearly 47 inches (40 inches with stock folded) and weight of 14.8 pounds. It is chambered in .338 Lapua.

All loads turned in impressive performances.  100 yard performance was typified by 3/4 inch or less groups.  300 yard groups all measured below 2.75 inches, with the Black Hills 250gr Match loads being the best at 2 inches.  The .338 Lapua does not really start to show its true potential relative to other cartridges until past the 600yard line.  The high ballistic coefficient matched with the high launch speed keeps the round supersonic well past 1,000 yards.

Another note of interest was how easy the Mil-dot reticle of the Leupold made hitting targets at the 300 yard pit.   A favorite reactive target has always been the dastardly clay pigeon.  A 100 yard zero easily translated into holding the first Mil-dot below the main horizontal wire directly on target causing dramatic hits at 300 yards.  Spotters had no problem spotting the hits.  The benefit is obvious of holding directly on target versus an estimated hold over.  Also, the Mil-dot reticle is a great tool for estimating range once one is familiar with the method.

.338 Lapua cartridge shown next to a .44 Magnum.

The advantage of the .338 Lapua chambered in a rifle like the Barrett MRAD is best understood in terms of portability and the likelihood the weapon will be present when the opportunity for use arises.  The .338 Lapua is clearly superior to the 7.62 NATO for long-range personnel interdiction because of better ballistics and down range energy.  In the same vein, the .338 Lapua chambered Barrett MRAD is the better sniping weapon compared to the .50 BMG because of its portability and similar ballistics without the blast signature and weight of a .50 BMG.  The proponents for the .338 Lapua make no claim for it as the superior anti-material weapon.  The .338 Lapua will be the easier weapon to shoot accurately for an extended amount of time at man-size targets.  The accompanying tables show that the .50 BMG is certainly the more powerful round.  However, the trade off for this power is reciprocated by the weight of the weapons chambered for the .50 BMG and the substantial recoil impulse of the .50 BMG.  The .50 BMG has more energy at 1,000 yards than the .338 Lapua does at the muzzle – this is the foundation of its potency.  However, a sniper does not need a mind-boggling 10,000ft-lbs of energy at 300 yards to engage an enemy combatant.

Orientation with a weapon and caliber such as the Barrett MRAD is a must.  The modularity of the MRAD comes in very handy in this aspect of being able to convert to 7.62 NATO.  The Barrett MRAD .338 Lapua is best suited for the highly trained marksman.  The marksman who has fired thousands of rounds fired from a 7.62 NATO platform; the marksman who has already mastered the basics of shooting and fieldcraft.  This person will definitely be able to put to good use the ballistic advantages offered by the .338 Lapua Barrett MRAD and its gilt edge long range accuracy.

The folding rear stock is adjustable for comb height and length pull.

SITES OF INTEREST

Barrett Manufacturing, Inc.
P.O. Box 1077
Murfreesboro, TN 37133
(615) 896-2938
www.barrett.net

Echo Valley Training Center
www.echovalleytrainingcenter.com

Black Hills Ammunition
P.O. Box 3090
Rapid City, SD 57709
(605) 348-5150
www.black-hills.com

Lapua Ammunition U.S. Distributor
Kaltron-Pettibone, Inc.
1241 Ellis Street
60106 Bensenville IL
www.lapua.com

Leupold& Stevens Inc
14400 NW Greenbrier Pkwy
Beaverton, OR 97006
www.leupold.com

AUSA 2010 proved to be a great success, with attendance by exhibitors and show attendees exceeding prior records.  Held from 25-27 October 2010, the show attracted attendees from more than a dozen countries.  The AUSA trade show continues to be one of the premier military hardware trade shows within the United States, with displays of rotary aircraft, artillery, and solider systems.  Small Arms Defense Journal took note of several land warfare systems of note.

Colt
Colt revealed the CM901, a modular carbine that incorporates aspects and features of the M16/M4 and the AR10 into a single rifle system.  Expanding upon the ever popularity to the modular M16/M4 system where an upper receiver can be changed out for longer (or shorter) barrel, the CM901 takes modularity to a new level by also making the lower receiver modular.

By switching out the magazine well section of the lower receiver, the weapon system is able to be converted from 5.56mm to nearly any other caliber, including 7.62×51, 6.8 SPC, or 6.5 Grendel.  In addition, the lower is reportedly backwards compatible to all other existing 5.56 upper receivers, allowing the user to maintain existing inventories of 5.56 upper receivers.

Colt CM901 weapons system. Capable of being configured as a 5.56, 7.62x51, or 6.8 SPC rifle, the system allows increased modularity to an already crowded field of options to the existing M4, SR25, and AR10 systems.

The modularity aspects of the system are staggering.  Considering that the recoil system – whether gas piston or direct impingement – is within the upper receiver, the new CM901 can be configured into any platform the user desires.  More importantly, the system offers full ambidextrous controls, with a selector switch, bolt release, and magazine release controls on both sides of the lower receiver.

When configured in 7.62×51, the system reportedly utilizes Magpul magazines and Knight’s Armament SR25/M110 magazines.

Fabrique Nationale
FN revealed the FCU-850N, a fire control unit designed for the FN Mk13 40mm enhanced grenade launcher.  Incorporating both a laser range finder and fire control unit, the FCU-850N provides greater first round hit probability by first measuring the distance between the shooter and target, then providing an aiming solution via electronic reticle.  Interestingly enough, the unit also incorporates a clinometer that measures the angle of launch.  While the FN representatives were unable to provide additional detail, presumably, the firing solution changes as the weapon’s vertical angle of fire is adjusted and changed.  The system reportedly is capable of recording the ballistic solutions for more than 50 different types of 40mm rounds.

When used alone, the laser range finder is capable of assisting shooters with range confirmation, while also being utilized as visible or IR laser pointer.  The unit is compatible with any 40mm grenade launcher system that features a top (12 o’clock) Mil-Std 1913 Picatinny rail.

Barrett Firearms M240LW, a light weight M240 GPMG.

Lockheed Martin
Lockheed Martin unveiled the HULC, a hydraulically powered exo-skeleton capable of assisting soldiers carry loads exceeding 200 pounds for extended periods, over all types of terrain.  Weighing 53 pounds without batteries, the system utilizes a low flow, high pressure hydraulic system to assist the soldier.  Powered by lithium polymer batteries and standard hydraulic fluid, the system is reportedly capable of running for upwards of 72 hours.  In standard mode, the system has a range of 12.5 miles, at a speed of .66 miles per hour.  Maximum sustained speeds of 7 miles per hour, and a burst speed of 10 miles per hour are reported.  As battery power falls, the system reportedly continues to support the loads, without restricting mobility.

Barrett
Long known for its .50 caliber rifles, Barrett showcased its lightweight M240 GPMG.  All major components, (including the trigger group, bolt assembly and barrel) are compatible with the new Barrett system.  Major weight savings appear to be achieved via redesign of the weapon’s receiver and forend/heat shield.

Barrett also displayed the M107A1, the latest variant in the M82/M107 series.  Weighing 4 pounds less than the M107, the M107A1 is designed to be used with a sound suppressor.  Utilizing a four-point titanium muzzle brake, the rifle/suppressor combination features a quick attach feature.

The Lockheed Martin HULC allows soldiers to mount heavy objects to the front or rear of the exoskeleton.

The lightweight aluminum upper receiver features an integrated, rigid 27 MOA optics rail.  Inside the upper receiver, the bolt carrier rides on a hardened steel, anti-wear strip for added durability.  A thermal-guard cheek piece protects the user’s face from extreme heat or cold.  A titanium barrel key and fully chrome-lined bore and chamber add to the rifle’s durability.  Finally, the M107A1 rifle’s lower receiver includes a new aluminum recoil buffer system that’s optimized for use with a suppressor.  The bolt carrier’s components are protected with a mix of ultra-hard PVD coatings and advanced nickel Teflon plating that increases lubricity, is corrosion-resistant and greatly eases cleaning.

The AUSA show is a great opportunity to witness developments in the small arms industry, talk to the engineers involved in the R&D process, and discuss innovations with others within the small arms community.   The 2011 meeting will be held in Washington, DC, from 10–12 October, 2011.

The SHOT (Shooting, Hunting and Outdoor Trade) show was once again held this year in Las Vegas, Nevada at the Sands Expo and Convention Center.  It is the largest and most comprehensive trade show for all professionals involved with the shooting sports and hunting industries.  It is the world’s premier exposition of combined firearms, ammunition, archery, cutlery, outdoor apparel, optics, camping and related products and services.  The SHOT Show attracts buyers from all 50 states and more than 100 countries.  The show grows every year and this year was no exception with record setting numbers of exhibitors as well as media professionals and attendees.  The show was held January 19-22.

The SHOT Show is the premier venue where manufacturers roll out their exciting new products for the upcoming year.  As well as new products, industry professionals are offered informative seminars on topics of interest on everything from the latest retailer trends and issues to law enforcement topics and training and even seminars put on by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Explosives and Firearms that covers rules and regulations pertaining to firearms.  SHOT Show is the place to be to keep up with everything new in firearms, outdoor items and accessories.  This year once again produced some exciting new products for the coming months.  Although space restrictions don’t allow us to cover everything at the show, SADJ was there to provide you, our readers, a first look at just some of what’s new.

One of the most talked about firearms this year had to be a new shotgun from Kel-Tec CNC Industries (www.keltecweapons.com).  The shotgun, designated the KSG, is a bull-pup design and is their first entry into the shotgun market.  The size, shape and design are similar to the currently available Kel-Tec RFB rifle, but the KSG ejects downward, instead of forward.  The KSG weighs 6.9 pounds and is as compact as legally possible with a 26.1 inch overall length and an 18.5 inch cylinder bore barrel.  Even with this compact size, the internal dual tube magazines hold an impressive 14 rounds of 12 gauge 2-3/4 inch rounds (7 per tube).  The simple and reliable pump action feeds from either the left or right tube.  The feed side is manually selected by a lever located behind the trigger guard.  The lever can be positioned in the center detent in order to easily clear the chamber without feeding another round from either magazine.  A cross bolt style safety blocks the sear, and the pump release lever is located in front of the trigger guard.  The pump has an under Picatinny rail for the mounting of a forward grip, or a light or laser.  The included top Picatinny sight rail will accept many types of optics or iron sights.  Forward and rear sling loops are built in, and a basic sling is included.  The soft rubber butt pad helps to tame recoil.   Watch for a full test and evaluation in an upcoming issue of SADJ.

The TNVC booth drew quite a crowd with their new WASP night vision scope. This 8 power monster is said to allow users to see the veins in leaves at 50 yards.

Another interesting shotgun was debuted at SHOT Show.  One can hardly think of shotguns without thinking of Mossberg (www.mossberg.com).  This company has been building shotguns since the early 1960s.  This year they introduced a new shotgun called the “Chainsaw.”  This gun is a variation of their time proven Model 500.  It is designed as a breeching shotgun and features a pistol grip, 18.5 inch barrel and a white dot front sight.  The Chainsaw also features a stand-off compensator on the barrel and a tri-rail forearm with an integral full-length bottom rail and two removable side rails for maximum flexibility when mounting tactical lights, lasers and accessories.  It also has a unique ‘chainsaw’ forend grip that provides the shooter with added muzzle control.  It is easily removable for rapid conversion to a standard forend.  This year Mossberg also has a line of “Blackwater” branded shotguns.  These guns are based on their Models 590A1, 500 Cruiser and their model 930 SPX.

Heckler & Koch (www.hk-usa.com) has this year brought to market a semiautomatic version of their select-fire Model 416.  This piston-driven AR-style 5.56mm rifle is called the model MR556A1.  The piston-driven method of operation eliminates malfunctions that are common to direct impingement gas systems since hot carbon fouling and waste gases do not enter the receiver area.  The rifle features a quad rail free-floating handguard that has four Mil-Std-1913 Picatinny rails that allow the user to fit optics, lights and lasers.  The gun uses a German made barrel that is cold hammer forged producing a barrel that provides superior accuracy as well as a long service life.  The MR556A1 will accept all AR-15 style magazines.  Said to be released later this year will be HK’s MR762A1.  This hard hitting rifle is chambered in caliber 7.62x51mm and has many of the same features as the 5.56 mm rifle.  Like its 5.56mm counterpart, the MR762A1 is a direct descendent of the HK416/417 series, only in a semiautomatic rifle configuration developed for civilian users.  The MR762A1 uses many of the assemblies and accessories originally developed for the HK416/417 series including adjustable buttstocks, ergonomic pistol grips, mechanical sights, and the HK free-floating four-quadrant rail system/handguard.  The HK rail system can be removed without special tools by the user and ensures 100% return to zero when reinstalled.  Ambidextrous operating controls are standard on the MR762A1, including the charging handle and an ambidextrous selector lever.  The MR762A1 also uses the same 10- and 20-round translucent polymer box magazines made for the HK417.  Both the MR556A1 and the MR762A1 will be produced at Heckler & Koch’s American manufacturing facilities from both American and German-made components.

MG Industries will be marketing the new belt-fed conversion for the AR-15/M16 series of rifles that is being manufactured by Valkyrie Armament LLC.

Colt (www.coltdefense.com) has finally confirmed the existence of their civilian modular carbine, the new rifle called the SP901.  The SP901 has a patent-pending AR-10/AR-15 format universal multi-caliber lower receiver.  This receiver will accept both their 5.56 (.223) as well as their 7.62 (.308) caliber upper receivers making this a truly a multi-caliber battle rifle.  Because the lower is multi-caliber it will actually accept any caliber upper between 7.62 and 5.56 including 6.8 SPC and 6.5 Grendel.  The rifle also features a monolithic upper/rail system and is completely ambidextrous with all fire controls mirrored on both sides of the gun.  The basic rifle is piston driven and sports a 16 inch barrel although 13, 18 and 20 inch barrels will be available.  In 7.62 caliber it will be offered with the excellent MagPul 20LR magazine and in caliber 5.56 will accept any magazine that will fit the AR-15/M16 rifles.  With the rifle accepting any Mil-Spec upper, different uppers can be equipped with sights or optics and remain zeroed when changed.

Extreme caliber rifles still account for a large percentage of rifles that are sold every year (and also displayed at the SHOT Show).  One of the most, if not “the” most, extreme rifle is the Barrett .50 caliber rifle (www.barrett.net).  Available in several models and styles, this behemoth is the rifle brought to bear when the need to reach out and touch someone or something arises.  This year Barrett introduced a new model of their battle proven semi-auto gun called the M107A1.  Designed to be used with a suppressor, this one-of-a-kind rifle allows the user to combine signature reduction capabilities with the reliability of the original Barrett M107.  An all-new bolt carrier group has been designed to make the rifle suppressor ready.  Its titanium four-port muzzle brake is engineered to work seamlessly with the supplied quick-attach Barrett .50 BMG suppressor.  The rifle’s lower receiver includes a new recoil buffer system that is optimized to also work with a suppressor.  Other features include a thermal cheek guard, back-up iron sights, a lightweight quick-detach bipod, monopod and a flat dark earth finish.

Sig Arms now has a version of their Sig556 in 7.62x39. They also now have a version of this rifle in 7.62x51 (.308).

There are always hordes of new handguns introduced at SHOT and this year was no exception.  With centerfire ammunition prices reaching an all time high there seemed to be an emphasis on new .22 Long Rifle handguns.  Of special interest to readers, there were several “tactical” type guns introduced this year.  Suppressed or “silenced” guns are now more accepted than ever before.  They are leaving behind their reputations as “assassination devices” as more shooters see them for what they really are; another way to save the users hearing.  There were new guns available from both new as well as established companies.  American Tactical Imports (www.americantactical.us) was at the show introducing their new line of .22 caliber pistols called the GSG 1911.  Made by German Sports Guns there are three models.  The standard GSG 1911 with walnut grips, the GSG 1911 with black plastic grips and the GSG 1911 AD-OPS which has black grips, a dust cover rail and comes with a fake suppressor.  All of the guns are copies of the Colt 1911 .45 that is known throughout the world but these guns are designed strictly for .22 Long Rifle ammunition.  All, fortunately, have barrels that are threaded but unfortunately it is a metric M9x.75 thread.  Most .22 caliber suppressors are threaded 1/2×28.  Now several U.S. companies are making adapter bushings that allow the guns to be fitted with a U.S. suppressor.  The guns have a 10-round magazine and have the same weight and specifications as a .45 1911.  They are even compatible with some 1911 parts which allows them to be further customized to the shooters specifications.  Other features include beaver-tail grip safety and skeletonized trigger and hammer.

Another interesting handgun made its debut at the show.  Taurus (www.taurususa.com) was showing their new 28 gauge revolver called the Raging Bull XXVIII.  This single action/double action five-shot revolver is advertised as the ultimate handgun for personal protection and home defense as it fires the powerful 28 gauge shotshell.  It features high visibility fiber optic sights and recoil absorbing grips.  It was scheduled to be released right after SHOT Show but word has it that The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives said that the gun could not be marketed as is because it was basically a short barreled shotgun.  The reason seems to be that there is not a compatible centerfire caliber that the gun can fire as is the case with the Taurus Judge.  More on this issue later.